1. What is the main challenge being addressed in the book?
This book aims to address how to get students motivated to learn "specialized" sets of languages (jargon) that are associated with specific content areas (like math and science) and help them to use familiar resources as a basis for learning these skills. The author prefaces the subject by explaining that many students are able to "adapt" to these different languages through video games or other social activities outside of class (Pokemon is used as a reference) but explains that these transitional skills are lacking in the classroom.
2. What does the author mean by the phrase "ways with words"?
He is careful to note that what is being said may not be as important as how it is being said. In the first paragraph he shows how the way he introduces a topic, and the vocabulary that he uses, can either be comforting or terrifying to a reader. His solution is to write in a way that is generally appealing to the reader by creating a balance between different types of words and writing. Intermixed in his technical talk are some jokes, and later on in the text his writing becomes more casual.
3. What is the core argument being made by the author of this book?
The author states that the real problem isn't teaching students how to read - it is teaching them how to read within the reals of specific content areas. For example, mathematics, biology, and chemistry all have their own "languages" complete with unique vocabulary and nomenclature. The author states that students have difficulty shifting from reading a book to learning how to read and implement the specific language of a particular subject.
4. Give an example of a specialized variety of a language or "way with words" you have learned outside of school?
I play video games - a lot - so I can't overstate my satisfaction that I am reading a text that isn't condemning video games and blaming them for problems with today's children. Video games have seriously enriched my vocabulary from a young age, and have enhanced my knowledge of traditional "story schemas" which I believe are largely to blame for my wealth of creativity. One example, "Mass Effect", a science fiction "choose your own adventure" style video game that allows the player to make righteous or renegade decisions - the consequences of which greatly impact the ending of the game - represents a specialized language I had to learn. I had to learn about everything within the universe of the story: I had to learn to distinguish between different races of fictional species, navigate unknown territories, familiarize myself with the game's lore, and learn to interpret symbols that were relevant in the game. In retrospect, the fact that I have to learn these things fro nearly every game I play is pretty remarkable.
5. According to the author, how do people learn a specialized variety of a language or "way with words" best?
They learn it best when it is something that motivates them. Pokemon and video games are great examples because they are fun. Children want to learn the vernacular of these activities because they are enjoyable, and allow them to interact with other people in a new and exciting way.
6. If people are to be successful in the 21st century, what must they become?
"Shape-shifting portfolio people" - that is, they have to be able to adapt quickly and switch between these different discrete languages. They need to have a familiarity with a broad set of subjects, and be able to represent their knowledge of each of them by using the vocabulary and concepts associated with each subject.
7. The author states that learning academic language is NOT sufficient for success in modern society? Do you agree? Why or Why not?
I agree with the author. Learning formal academic language has its place, but this alone doesn't constitute success. Students must be able to "code switch" between formal academic language and the particular jargon within a field to truly succeed. For example, if I work in the field of computer science, I have to be able to use academic language to help me construct formal presentations, but these presentations will have little effect if I am not proficient in computer vocabulary. Students have to use academic language as "mortar" to connect the bricks from different subject areas.
8. What do you think about this author's "way with words"?
I'm a fan. The first paragraph made me laugh and I agree with the points he's making. The text is professional but not without some light and funny moments to break up the monotony and keep the reader's interested piqued.
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